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The Consolidated Text also regulates the entry into Italy for work of non-EU citizens in special cases, outside the quotas established by the “Flows Decree”(Article 26, paragraphs 1 and 2, of the Consolidated Text on Immigration).

The Implementing Regulations (Article 40) regulate terms and methods for issuing work authorisations, entry visas and residence permits for subordinate work, for each of the following categories of foreign workers (listed in Article 27 of the Consolidated Act).

• managers or highly specialized personnel of companies;

• university exchange lecturers or native speakers;

• university professors to holding an academic assignment in Italy;

• translators and interpreters;

• family workers who have been regularly employed abroad, for at least one year, in full-time domestic work relationships with Italian citizens or citizens of one of the Member States of the European Union resident abroad, who move to Italy, for the continuation of the domestic work relationship;

• persons who, authorized to reside for vocational training purposes, carry out temporary periods of training with Italian employers;

• seafarers employed to the extent and in the manner set out in the implementing regulation;

• employees duly paid by employers, natural or legal persons, resident or established abroad and directly paid by them, who are temporarily transferred from abroad to natural or legal persons, Italian or foreign, resident in Italy, in order to perform certain contracted services in the Italian territory;

• workers employed by circuses or traveling shows abroad;

• artistic and technical staff for opera, theatre, concert or ballet performances;

• dancers, artists and musicians to be employed at entertainment venues;

• artists to be employed by theatrical or cinematographic musical bodies or by public or private radio or television companies, or by public bodies, in the context of cultural or folkloric events;

• foreigners intended to perform any type of professional sporting activity with Italian sports clubs according to Law No. 91 of 23 March 1981;

• correspondent journalists officially accredited in Italy and regularly paid employees of daily or periodical press organs, or of foreign radio or television broadcasters;

• persons who, according to the rules of international agreements in force with Italy, carry out research activities or occasional work in Italy as part of youth exchange or mobility programmes for young people or persons placed 'au pair';

• professional nurses employed in public and private healthcare facilities;

• workers in the performing arts who are to be employed by employers for needs related to the realization and production of performances.

For highly qualified workers, the Consolidation Act allows for the issuance, outside of the quotas established by the Flow Decree, of the so-called 'EU Blue Card', a 2 -year residency permit, in the case of an open-ended employment contract, or with a duration equal to that of the employment contract plus three months, in other cases (Art. 27 quater of the Consolidation Act).

The issue of a residency permit is also envisaged for foreign students in possession of a visa for study purposes, valid for the entire duration of the study course and the relative declaration of presence (Art. 5, par. 1 bis, of the Consolidated Act).

The Italian permit of stay for studying or training reasons, during the period of validity of the same, allows a subordinate work activity only on a part-time basis for a maximum of 1040 hours per year (Art. 14 of the Implementing Regulations).

Lastly, a non-EU citizen who are abroad and who, for training purposes, wish to start a traineeship relationship with companies in Italy, upon the completion of a training course started in their own country, have to apply for an entry visa for study/training purposes to the Italian diplomatic-consular Representations where reside.

Entry visa for study/training purposes is issued within the limits of a three-year quota determined by Interministerial Decree of 9 July 2020.

For further information please consult the dedicated page on the portal of the Ministry of Labour and Social Policies.